How to read the numbers
What each number on VisRatio means, explained for first-time readers.
Revenue
All the money a company takes in from selling products and services. It shows how big the business is.
Operating margin
Operating income (revenue minus cost of revenue, R&D, and selling and administrative expenses) divided by revenue. It shows how efficiently the core business runs. Compare it within the same industry: software companies usually have high margins and retailers low ones.
Net margin
Net income, what is left after interest, taxes and non-operating items, divided by revenue.
Dividends paid and dividend per share
Dividends paid is all the cash a company handed to shareholders in a year. Dividend per share is the amount paid on one share. Share prices differ between companies, so a larger dividend per share doesn't mean a higher dividend yield.
Market cap
Share price × shares outstanding. VisRatio uses the previous trading day's close and the share count from SEC filings, so buybacks or new share issues after the filing can make it differ slightly from the actual figure. One TSMC ADR equals five ordinary shares, so its market cap is converted at that ratio.
Dividend yield
Dividends per share over a year divided by the current share price. If the price rises while the dividend stays the same, the yield goes down.
P/E ratio (price-to-earnings)
Share price divided by earnings per share: how many times a year's earnings the current price represents. It isn't calculated for companies with a net loss.
Revenue growth
How much revenue grew from the previous fiscal year. Only reports that each cover a full year are compared.
Free cash flow (FCF) and FCF margin
Cash actually generated by operations minus spending on plants and equipment. It is the cash available for dividends, buybacks and paying down debt. FCF margin is that cash divided by revenue.
ROE (return on equity)
Net income divided by average shareholders' equity: how much the company earned with shareholders' money. Companies that buy back a lot of stock can end up with small equity and an ROE above 100%, so read it together with debt-to-equity.
Debt-to-equity
Total liabilities divided by total equity. 100% means liabilities equal shareholders' equity. Banks and insurers are left out of the comparison because deposits and insurance reserves count as liabilities.
10-K, 10-Q, 20-F
Reports that US-listed companies file with the SEC. The 10-K is the annual report and the 10-Q the quarterly report. Non-US companies such as TSMC file the 20-F annual report.
Fiscal year
Companies end their year in different months: Apple in September, NVIDIA in January. On VisRatio, FY2026 means the fiscal year ended in 2026.